Going through a divorce is hard on both the man and woman, no matter what the circumstances are, but it becomes even more painful when there are children involved. Many parents worry over issues like,
When will I see my child? Will I have to pay child support? Where can I move to? Who will be in charge of the major life-rearing decisions? And the big one, How do I let my child know that this was not their fault? All of these concerns are valid, and are good questions to think about – in a civil manner. Yet, many couples, when they split up, can’t make it past the emotional turmoil and oftentimes blinding anger, to make these decisions in a calm, courteous fashion. Whether they mean to or not, divorcing couples unwittingly drag their children into a battle of “He said this” or “She did that” – a battle that leaves the children confused and unsure of which parent is right – or, in a child’s mind, which parent is the “Good guy.” And, despite the parents’ best intentions, this fighting leaves the children feeling like the whole mess is their fault.
Emotional Toll of a High-Conflict Divorce on Your Child
In high conflict divorce cases, the parents become so caught up in their disagreements that they can’t make a single decision regarding their children without involving the courts. Compromising is out of the question, so decisions like holiday and vacation schedules – time and place of exchange – daycare – healthcare – extracurricular activities and who will attend parent -teacher conferences all become points of contention that turn every aspect of parenting in a burden.
Numerous studies have been done that show that it’s not the divorce itself that affects the children – it is the fighting and harsh words that follow that do. High conflict divorce is the cause for many behavioral and emotional disturbances in children, and, depending on a number of other factors, it can leave a lasting impression on a child for years to come. How your child reacts to conflict depends on:
• the age of your child
• the intensity of the conflict
• the degree of violence or fear of violence associated with the conflict
• the degree and length of time in to which your child has been exposed to all of the conflict or just fragments of it
• the psychological health of your child
Age is a hugely important factor in determining how your child might react to conflict between you and your ex. See how your child might react, and how you can make the whole process easier on them:
Infants and Toddlers
Your child begins to develop a basic understanding of trust and relationships between the ages of 0 and 3. Because of this, all children in this age group require a level of predictability, consistency and routine that will help them feel secure in their parents’ love for them. If you and your spouse decide to get a divorce during this time in your child’s life, they experience a loss that they can’t comprehend, as well as a major disturbance in their routine. When this happens, it is crucial to the development of your child that they maintain the same kind of contact with both you and your ex that they had before, as well as a similar routine. If there is conflict, problems such as separation anxiety, depression, withdrawal, regression and even developmental delays can occur.
Preschoolers
Children between the ages of 3 and 5 are just beginning to develop their ability to understand language, feelings and relationships. Gender role identification is developing as well. In a healthy divorce situation, children can go about their home and school lives as normal, and enter kindergarten with high self-esteem and confidence. However, if your divorce is unhealthy, your preschooler will experience serious regression and anxiety. They can become confused because they don’t understand what is going on around them. They regress at activities such as toilet-training, sleeping and feeding, even if they were doing all perfectly fine before. Emotions such as irritability, and behavior like clinging, arise; if the conflict between you and your ex continues, your child can become aggressive and anxious. In some instances, however, they will view the divorce as their own fault, so they will try to become the “perfect child,” and neglect their own needs in favor of what you want. Though this is normal in the first year of divorce, if it continues after the first year, it could be a sign of a larger problem.
School Aged Children
School aged children thrive on structure and routine. This is a time in their lives when they form relationships with peers, learn the social rules, develop their creativity and establish their own rules. At this age, your child is beginning to differentiate between “fair” and “unfair.”
The years between your child’s 6th and 12th are also years where they begin to understand their own feelings, and learn how to express them in an appropriate way. How they develop in these areas will affect their self-esteem, as well as their relationships with you and your ex – preferring to do some activities with you, and others with the other – which is why divorce is already a very hard time for children of this age group.
If your child is old enough to understand the implications of divorce, they are also able to understand that your family is no longer a single unit – that they will have to do everything with mom during a given time, and with dad during another. If your child is on the younger end of the spectrum, they may experience sadness and longing for the return of your family unit; if your child is on the older end, they can become angry. Behaviors such as tantrums, regression, sleep deprivation, academic problems and aggression aren’t uncommon. If your divorce is a difficult one, however, your child may feel directly responsible; but, this age is all about fairness, so they will either try to please both you and your ex, or try to fix your marriage. Both of these scenarios are harmful to your child, as they can become overwhelmed by and vulnerable to each of your wants and needs, and neglect their own.
Adolescents
Teenagers are a lot like two year olds in that they’re beginning to gain independence – but this time, from their family. Some adolescents do this by acting out, while others do it in a more healthy fashion, one that includes their parents. No matter which group your child falls into, though, one thing is certain: Teenagers are moody, and tend to be reactive in their emotions. They are already feeling overwhelmed by the pressure of their friends and peers; they use poor judgment; and they are socially insecure. This is a hard time for you and your child alike, even in an intact home.
When a divorce happens at this point in your child’s life, already high emotions run even higher. They feel the loss of your family life more strongly – they feel unnecessary responsibility and guilt – and they feel profound anger. Teenagers are naturally self-centered as it is, so when their life is disrupted in this way, they can only think of how it’s affecting them. If you make it hard for them, they will begin to act out. Academic failure, depression, suicide, promiscuity and substance abuse are just a few of the corruptions your child may experience if you and your ex are too caught up in your own fight to notice what is happening in your teen’s life.
Don’t Make the Process Harder Than it Already Is
Divorce is an already extremely hard and emotionally trying time in both yours and your children’s lives. We know that you didn’t enter your marriage expecting to one day part ways for good, so it is understandable to feel anger – hurt – betrayal and even sadness when that time does come. But what you have to keep in mind during the whole process is that: Your children are innocent bystanders. You and your ex may no longer be husband and wife, but to your children, you’re still Mom and Dad. And you need to act like it.
Divorce does not need to be a battle. There is a better and easier way to be heard by your ex, and to get what you want out of the process. In fact, the smoother the process is – the less fighting that there is – the faster everything will be over, and the sooner you will be able to get on with your life. If you have children, and you’re going through a divorce that you just want to be over, contact our office today. We can help you come up with a plan that works best for your situation, that is healthiest for you and your children, and that will get you on the road to recovery and happiness in no time!